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本帖最后由 vodka 于 2009-6-10 19:46 编辑
50-Ω Helix Feed
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Joe Cadwallader, K6ZMW, presented this feed method in June 1981 QST. Terminate the helix in an N connector mounted on the ground screen at the periphery of the helix. See Fig 17. Connect the helix conductor to the N connector as close to the ground screen as possible (Fig 18). Then adjust the first quarter turn of the helix to a close spacing from the reflector.
This modification goes a long way toward curing a deficiency of the helix—the 140-Ω nominal feed-point impedance. The traditional λ/4 matching section has proved difficult to fabricate and maintain. But if the helix is fed at the periphery, the first quarter turn of the helix conductor (leaving the N connector) acts much like a transmission line—a single conductor over a perfectly conducting ground plane. The impedance of such a transmission line is:
Z0 = 138 log (4h/d)
where:
Z0 = line impedance in ohms
h = height of the center of the conductor above the ground plane
d = conductor diameter (in the same units as h).
The impedance of the helix is 140 Ω a turn or two away from the feed point. But as the helix conductor swoops down toward the feed connector (and the ground plane), h gets smaller, so the impedance decreases. The 140-Ω nominal impedance of the helix is transformed to a lower value. For any particular conductor diameter, an optimum height can be found that will produce a feedpoint impedance equal to 50 Ω. The height should be kept very small, and the diameter should be large. Apply power to the helix and measure the SWR at the operating frequency.Adjust the height for an optimum match.
Typically, the conductor diameter may not be large enough to yield a 50-Ω match at practical (small) values of h. In this case, a strip of thin brass shim stock or flashing copper can be soldered to the first quarter turn of the helix conductor (Fig 19). This effectively increases the conductor diameter, which causes the impedance to decrease further yet. The edges of this strip can be slit every 1/2 inch or so, and the strip bent up or down (toward or away from the ground plane) to tune the line for an optimum match.
This approach yields a perfect match to nearly any coax. The usually wide bandwidth of the helix (70% for less than 2:1 SWR) will be reduced slightly (to about 40%) for the same conditions. This reduction is not enough to be of any consequence for most amateur work.
The improvements in performance, ease of assembly and adjustment are well worth the effort in making the helix more practical to build and tune. |
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